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title: Reflection
by: Dennis Merritt (amziod@world.std.com)
publisher: Amziod 1992
subjects: mysticism, philosophy
other: 114 pages, US$9.95
summary: the interconnectedness of all things?
I generally have negative feelings about mysticism, and anything that
looks like "self-help" literature tends to put me right off. But it is
good to read something different every so often, and _Reflection_, while
it fits both categories and certainly did raise my hackles in many
places, was thought provoking. Its saving graces are that Merritt
doesn't think he has the answers to *everything*, that he isn't trying
to hard sell anything, and that he writes succinctly and without being
obscurantist. _Reflection_ is his application of a particular way of
looking at things to understanding his own life.
The basic idea is that our inner world and external reality are perfect
reflections of one another; our conscious "outer self" may not be in
concordance with the world, but our "inner self" always is. As Merritt
himself points out, this is a very old concept; certainly there is a
long tradition of religious and mystical ideas to the effect that
coincidences aren't really coincidences and that everything is related
to everything else. My basic problem with the Reflection Principle is
that it is far too vague to be testable or useful as a predictive tool;
all the stories which Merritt recounts as evidence for the principle
have explanations constructed for them afterwards. It is also massively
counterintuitive in many circumstances, and while Merrit tries to
explain this away he doesn't really do a convincing job of it; there
*are* such things as coincidences, and events do not always make any
kind of sense from an individual's perspective.
Since I disagree with the basic Reflection principle, I disagree with
almost all of the explanations in Merritt's stories. However I found
myself rethinking many of his ideas within a more traditional causal
framework as I read, and that was sort of fun.
The Reflection principle says that peoples' inner selves are linked in
some mysterious way to the world around them. While I don't accept this
as it stands, I do believe there is an important idea involved here.
The multiplicity and complexity of the causal links between people and
the world around them, and the fact that these links are too a large
extent unmediated by our conscious personalities, is something few
people really accept; most people, most of the time, have a greatly
exaggerated sense of their own rationality and their understanding of
and control over themselves. And while I am not a fan of behaviourist
psychology in general, when it comes to understanding *oneself* a
behaviourist approach (looking at the world around you rather than
introspecting) at least has the advantage of guaranteeing some kind of
objectivity.
Most of Merritt's ideas about illness and relationships make sense
viewed within a (sufficiently sophisticated) causal perspective. The
importance of unconscious psychological factors in illness (and their
neglect by modern medicine) is fairly broadly accepted these days, and
that the functioning of relationships is often independent of conscious
decisions by the participants is pretty obvious. Of course not all his
examples are susceptible to this kind of analysis; as I said before
there are coincidences and events that have no explanation at the level
of the individual. To suggest that everyone who dies from a heart attack
really wanted to die does seem to me to be preposterous.
I stick absolutely to a causal notion of responsibility. But again I
agree with much of Merritt's general view, and in particular his
critique of popular attitudes to responsibility (both in public law and
in personal relationships). I do think his idea that everyone involved
in an event is 100% responsible for it is too vague and imprecise to be
really useful. It seems to me that the critical fact is that, in
general, causality is not additive. In particular, if events X and Y are
both necessary for event Z, and X and Y are different kinds of
events/entities, then it makes no sense whatsoever to say that "X is 20%
responsible and Y is 80% responsible". It is even clearer that it makes
no sense when X and Y are people (ie themselves extremely complex
bundles of causal links).
The one thing about _Reflection_ that worries me most is the same thing
that distresses me about other similar ways of looking at the world (for
example Stoicism or certain Indian religions). This is the idea that
people get what they need/deserve and just have to adjust their "wants".
(The other way of wording this is to say that anyone can achieve
anything if only they want it enough.) This may work reasonably well for
denizens of middle America (or middle class Australia), but I find the
idea of someone telling a starving sub-Saharan farmer that he is
starving to death because he doesn't really want/need to live intensely
abhorrent. Although the author certainly doesn't use it that way, his
ideas, because of their basically individualist nature, could easily be
turned to apologetics for inequality.
As you've probably gathered, _Reflection_ wasn't really my cup of tea.
Its lack of the usual paraphernalia of most New Age mysticism means it
will probably not gain a great audience there. As an attempt to employ a
logical approach to the illogical it will probably annoy everyone a bit.
--
%T Reflection
%A Dennis Merrit
%I Amziod
%C Stow, MA
%D 1992
%O paperback, US$9.95
%P 114pp
%G ISBN 1-881674-00-2
%K mysticism, philosophy
Danny Yee (danny@cs.su.oz.au)
15 November 1993